1. What were the three aspects of the assignments I've submitted that I am most proud of?
I really loved doing our main lab. Really thinking about how big of a world with live in with so many different species.
2. What two aspects of my submitted assignments do I believe could have used some improvement? My other small lab demographic, and my ethical issue maybe taken offensively
3. What do I believe my overall grade should be for this unit? B range
4. How could I perform better in the next unit? there is no next unit!
At what moment during this unit did you feel most engaged with the course?
I love learning about fetal development, probably one of the most interesting parts of human Biology for me, aside for the bone structure.
At what moment unit did you feel most distanced from the course?
Biodiversity and ecology.
What action that anyone (teacher or student) took during this unit that find most affirming and helpful?
What action that anyone (teacher or student) took during this unit did you find most puzzling or confusing?
What about this unit surprised you the most? (This could be something about your own reactions to the course, something that someone did, or anything else that occurs to you.)
I was shocked with our main lab that I was able to find 30 different species, plus there are sooo many more not included. Until you really think about it, it seems like it would be difficult to find even 20 different species you encounter. Great lab!
Monday, May 12, 2008
Ethical Essay
Although I do think that there is something to be said about the country of China, I could not imagine being given the limit on the amount of children you can have. I do feel that are natural resources need to be conserved and maintained, I cannot see how anyone would have control over who can or cannot have children. For me, I wish people could take it upon themselves to limit the amount of children they have, even if they have plenty of money. There are always going to be people in this world that will want to have 6 children, and not to say that I feel that it is "right", I am not the person to tell them that they are wrong for wanting that. Unfortunately our natural resources are depleting faster then we can produce them and perhaps there are others things to be considered over how many children families have. Maybe we need to look more into farm land conservation for growing and build homes and develop on "dead" soil... I feel that just because China is unbelievably overpopulated doesn't mean they have the wrong way of life, the US will get there eventually and then do we really think that all Americans will be on board with a limit on children? I think not... I think it is all together too easy for people to tell others how they should live their lives, but when the table is turned people tend to get offended and completely hate the idea.
Fetal Development
The first two pictures are mixed up sorry! Those are for the first 7 months.
End of First month - the fertlized egg is now 10000 times the size it was at conseption - That number just goes to show you how microscopic this all is when it starts.
8 Weeks - All body systems are present - This is interesting that only after approximately 2 months your body systems are already forming.
10 weeks - Tooth buds appear - Even after birth the baby will not have teeth for sometime but its amazing that the buds appear this early in the development.
11 weeks - Has fingernails - This in it self is an interesting and scary thought. Seeing an infants hand after being born you see that their nails have been actually growing while in the womb. Its one of those thing you wouldn't really think of until someone brought it up to you.
15 weeks - Making active movements - Probably one of the most changing moments, it makes it real for parents when there is movement of the baby.
18 weeks - Developed Vocal cords - This is an exciting accomplishment because after they are born, boy, will they be using them!
20 weeks - Bones are ossifying - The bones are now becoming hard and begin to settle in their form.
24 weeks - All eye parts are fully developed - Although I cannot imagine what they would see, it is an important milestone because their basis of sight is there for when they are born.
31 weeks - Can open and close eyes - This goes with the last milestone, being able to use their eyes is another big change in the development.
1,2,3,4,5,6,7
Lab Photos
The first photo is my young tomato plant, next is a butterfly bush, next is baby peeled carrots, then a cucumber, then sliced ham, then one of the children I work with at my job, then a parakeet that I see about every other day, then a common clown fish, then my tabby cat, then my little chinchilla :) Sorry I couldn't post it with my lab, but the attachments were being silly!
Species Lab
Human
Homo sapiens
Symbiotic relationship
I feel our species has domesticated profoundly and is always changing away from the natural ways of doing things. Although I do feel that advancements in technology can be important I think it is more important to go back to the original things that were offered to us, like natural medicines and spending our free time outside.
Feline/Cat
Felis Catus
Symbiotic relationship
This species has become very domestic from their distant family of big cats, like tigers. With being domesticated, they have earned a place in our hearts and homes and the benefit is on our end with their companionship.
Canine/Dog
Canis lupus familiaris
Symbiotic relationship
Same as Feline
Chinchilla
Chinchilla Lanigera
Symbiotic Relationship
Chinchillas are becoming more domesticated but are still fairly wild animals. I think that as more time goes on these animals will stray further away from their natural instincts and become more of a house pet.
Clown Fish
Amphiprion ocellaris
Commensal
I don’t feel that other than being forcefully put into a tank that these animals are domesticated. In the wild that are just as skittish, and curious as they are in the tanks. I don’t feel that they have become so accustomed to humans to be “domesticated” for us.
Hermit Crab
Paguristes cadenati
Commensal
Same as Clown fish, they are still very natural to their wild behaviors.
Parakeet
Melopsittacus undulatus
Commensal
As time goes by I think that these birds are becoming more domestic and evolving to human interactions. Especially now that people hear parakeet or budgie will think of pet instead of wild animal.
Tomato Plant
Solanum lycopersicum
Commensal
This species has been domesticated in ways because this plant, on its own, could not survive without the care of a human.
Butterfly Bush
Buddleja davidii
Commensal
As with the tomato, this plant has become domesticated because it cannot survive on its own without some human contact and care.
Butterflies
Nymphalis urticae
Commensal
I do not feel that butterflies have become domesticated at all because they are never comfortable around you and rarely will allow you with in an arms reach of them. They are still very natural to their insticts.
Ladybugs
Coccinella septempunctata
Commensal
Like the butterflies I don’t feel that they have been domesticated, they are still very much a “wild” animal.
Aphids
Aphidoidea
Predation
Chicken Eggs
Gallus Domesticus
Parasitic
Chickens themselves have been domesticated because the chickens that lay our eggs, free range or not, rely on humans for proper care to produce good eggs and don’t know it any other way.
Ham
Sus Domestica
Parasitic
Pigs have become considerably more domestic because there are now more people having them as pets. In the meat industry I feel that they are still domestic because they know that humans will continue to feed them and care for them so they do not need their natural instincts as much.
Beef
Bos Taurus
Parasitic
I think that cows are actually in between being domestic and wild because they are generally laid back animals and often you have no reason to get close to them. In the ranching and meat industry they come in contact with humans but only for herding or processing, but their natural behaviors are unchanged.
Broccoli
Brassicaceae
Parasitic
Broccoli, along with most vegetables, is domestic because they do not grow free range everywhere you can buy it.
Carrots
Dausus Carota
Parasitic
Carrots can be grown in a variety of areas but I do feel are still domestic because without proper care in Prescott they would not survive.
Cucumbers
Cucumis sativus
Parasitic
Cucumbers are domestic for the same reasons the other veggies are, they need proper human care to thrive.
Potatoes
Solanum Teberosum
Parasitic
Wasps
Vespidae
Parasitic
For wasps, I feel that they are not domestic because their behaviors are unchanged when a human or other wild animal crosses paths.
Dust mites
Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
Commensal
Dust mites have learned to more so enjoy our company and learned to thrive in areas where humans are.
Acidophilus – Stomach
Mutualism
These bacteria are unchanged because there is no other life outside of our stomachs.
Streptocuccus Salivarios – Mouth
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Streptocuccus Mutans – Mouth
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Actinomyces – Mouth
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Corneybacterium Dipheriae – Skin
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Staphylococcus Aureus – Skin
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Micrococcus Luteus – Skin
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Staphylococcus Epidermis – Skin
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Pityrosporum Ovale – Skin
Mutualism Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life our bodies.
Homo sapiens
Symbiotic relationship
I feel our species has domesticated profoundly and is always changing away from the natural ways of doing things. Although I do feel that advancements in technology can be important I think it is more important to go back to the original things that were offered to us, like natural medicines and spending our free time outside.
Feline/Cat
Felis Catus
Symbiotic relationship
This species has become very domestic from their distant family of big cats, like tigers. With being domesticated, they have earned a place in our hearts and homes and the benefit is on our end with their companionship.
Canine/Dog
Canis lupus familiaris
Symbiotic relationship
Same as Feline
Chinchilla
Chinchilla Lanigera
Symbiotic Relationship
Chinchillas are becoming more domesticated but are still fairly wild animals. I think that as more time goes on these animals will stray further away from their natural instincts and become more of a house pet.
Clown Fish
Amphiprion ocellaris
Commensal
I don’t feel that other than being forcefully put into a tank that these animals are domesticated. In the wild that are just as skittish, and curious as they are in the tanks. I don’t feel that they have become so accustomed to humans to be “domesticated” for us.
Hermit Crab
Paguristes cadenati
Commensal
Same as Clown fish, they are still very natural to their wild behaviors.
Parakeet
Melopsittacus undulatus
Commensal
As time goes by I think that these birds are becoming more domestic and evolving to human interactions. Especially now that people hear parakeet or budgie will think of pet instead of wild animal.
Tomato Plant
Solanum lycopersicum
Commensal
This species has been domesticated in ways because this plant, on its own, could not survive without the care of a human.
Butterfly Bush
Buddleja davidii
Commensal
As with the tomato, this plant has become domesticated because it cannot survive on its own without some human contact and care.
Butterflies
Nymphalis urticae
Commensal
I do not feel that butterflies have become domesticated at all because they are never comfortable around you and rarely will allow you with in an arms reach of them. They are still very natural to their insticts.
Ladybugs
Coccinella septempunctata
Commensal
Like the butterflies I don’t feel that they have been domesticated, they are still very much a “wild” animal.
Aphids
Aphidoidea
Predation
Chicken Eggs
Gallus Domesticus
Parasitic
Chickens themselves have been domesticated because the chickens that lay our eggs, free range or not, rely on humans for proper care to produce good eggs and don’t know it any other way.
Ham
Sus Domestica
Parasitic
Pigs have become considerably more domestic because there are now more people having them as pets. In the meat industry I feel that they are still domestic because they know that humans will continue to feed them and care for them so they do not need their natural instincts as much.
Beef
Bos Taurus
Parasitic
I think that cows are actually in between being domestic and wild because they are generally laid back animals and often you have no reason to get close to them. In the ranching and meat industry they come in contact with humans but only for herding or processing, but their natural behaviors are unchanged.
Broccoli
Brassicaceae
Parasitic
Broccoli, along with most vegetables, is domestic because they do not grow free range everywhere you can buy it.
Carrots
Dausus Carota
Parasitic
Carrots can be grown in a variety of areas but I do feel are still domestic because without proper care in Prescott they would not survive.
Cucumbers
Cucumis sativus
Parasitic
Cucumbers are domestic for the same reasons the other veggies are, they need proper human care to thrive.
Potatoes
Solanum Teberosum
Parasitic
Wasps
Vespidae
Parasitic
For wasps, I feel that they are not domestic because their behaviors are unchanged when a human or other wild animal crosses paths.
Dust mites
Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
Commensal
Dust mites have learned to more so enjoy our company and learned to thrive in areas where humans are.
Acidophilus – Stomach
Mutualism
These bacteria are unchanged because there is no other life outside of our stomachs.
Streptocuccus Salivarios – Mouth
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Streptocuccus Mutans – Mouth
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Actinomyces – Mouth
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Corneybacterium Dipheriae – Skin
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Staphylococcus Aureus – Skin
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Micrococcus Luteus – Skin
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Staphylococcus Epidermis – Skin
Mutualism
Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life outside of our bodies.
Pityrosporum Ovale – Skin
Mutualism Unchanged, not domestic because there is not other life our bodies.
Compendium Review
Chapter 16
16.1 Human Life Cycle
16.2 Male Reproductive System
16.3 Female Reproductive System
16.4 Female Hormone Levels
16.5 Control of Reproduction
16.6 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Two types of cell division: Mitosis (growth and repair of tissues) and Meiosis (gamete production)
Parts of the male reproductive systems are the penis, scrotum, sperm, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, buldourthral glands.
Hormone of the male is testosterone
The female produces one mature follicle (egg) each month. It makes it way to uterus.
Ovarian cycle when not pregnant is due to hormonal control of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. After ovulation LF from the anterior pituitary converts the follicle into the corpus luteum.
The corpus leteum secretes progesterone and some estrogen, both of which regulate the uterine cycle
Ovulation usually occurs on day 14 of 28 day cycle
Only when fertilization takes place does the egg implant to the endometrium.
Birth control methods include condoms, pills and diaphragm.
To help with infertility you can use artificial insemination, vitro fertilization, gamete intrafallopian transger, or intracytoplasmic sperm injections.
STDs are caused by viruses, Bacteria, Protists, fungi and animals.
AIDS is caused by HIV, there are also others like genital herpes, genital warts, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia and hepatitis
Chapter 17
17.1 Fertilization
17.2 Pre-Embryonic and Embryonic Development
17.3 Fetal Development
17.4 Pregnancy and Birth
17.5 Development after birth
Fertilization takes place when the sperm's nucleus enters the egg and fuses with the eggs nucleus
Extraembryonic membranes function in the internal development.
At the end of the embryonic perios, the organs are established
The venous duct joins the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava
During the third and fourth months the skeleton is becoming ossified. At this time the sex is also able to be determined.
During the pregnancy the mother gains weight in the uterus and there are complaints like constipation and heartburn
During stage 1 of birth is cervix dilates, the second stage is when the child is born and the third is when the after birth is expelled
After birth development continues with infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.
Aging leads to the deterioration of organs systems but can be reduced by good eating habits.
Chapter 22
22.1 Origin of Life
22.2 Biological Evolution
22.3 Classification of Humans
22.4 Evolution of Hominids
22.5 Evolution of Humans
Using an outside source of energy and organic molecules were produced by reactions between early earth's atmospheric gases
The RNS first hypothesis was needed for the first cells.
Amino acids join to form polypeptides when exposed to dry heat is the protein first hypothesis
The protocell eventually became a true cell once it had genes of DNA and could reproduce.
Descent form a common ancestor explains the unity of living things.
Fossil evidence supports evolution
The classification of humans can be used to trace their ancestry, we are primates, and share the same ancestor with African apes.
Certain features like the flat face can classify a hominids
Ardipithecines were likely hominids.
Australoethecines would walk erect but had a small brain.
There are two hypotheses of human evolution which are the multiregional continuity suggests that modern humans evolved separately in Europe, Africa and Asia. The second is out of Africa saying that homo sapiens evolved in Africa then migrated to Europe and Asia
Fossils are classified as HOMO with regard to the brain size.
Habilis made and used tools. Erectus was the first to have a brain size of more then 1000 cm. Erectus migrated from Africa into Europe and Asia and also used fire and may have been big game hunters.
Chapter 23
23.1 The Nature of Ecosystems
23.2 Energy Flow
23.3 Global Biogeochemical Cycles
Ecology is usually the study of the interactions of organisms with each other and their environment.
Terrestrial ecosystems are forests, grasslands, and deserts.
Aquatic ecosystems are either salt or fresh water.
Autotrophs produce organic nutrients for themselves and others from inorganic nutrients and an outside energy source.
Ecosystem are characterized by energy flow and chemical cycling.
A food web is a diagram showing how various organisms are connect by eating relationships.
Detrital food webs begin with detritus food for decomposters and for detritivores.
Members of detrital food webs can be eaten by above ground carnivores.
A trophic level is all the organisms that feel at a particular link in a food chain.
The water cycle involves the freshwater that evaporates from the ocean.
The Carbon cycle is organic matter, limestone and the ocean. The exchange pool is the atmosphere
The Nitrogen Cycle is where nitrogen gas much be converted to a form usable by plants.
The Phosphorus Cycle involves ocean sediments becoming available though geological upheaval which exposes sedimentary rocks to weathering.
Chapter 24
24.1 Human population growth
24.2 Human use of resources and pollution
24.3 Biodiversity
24.4 Working toward a sustainable society
Biotic potential is normally held in check by environmental resistance.
MDCs are approaching a stable population size
LDCs populations will continue to increase in size.
The five resources that are maximally used by humans are land, water, food, energy and minerals. These are also resources that will eventually run out... there is only so much to use.
Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth. 5 major causes of biodiversity loss are habitat loss, introduction of alien species, pollution, overexploitation of plant and animals, and disease.
Biodiversity contributes to waste disposal, freshwater, prevention of soil erosion, functions of biogeochemical cycles, climate regulations, and ecotourism.
16.1 Human Life Cycle
16.2 Male Reproductive System
16.3 Female Reproductive System
16.4 Female Hormone Levels
16.5 Control of Reproduction
16.6 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Two types of cell division: Mitosis (growth and repair of tissues) and Meiosis (gamete production)
Parts of the male reproductive systems are the penis, scrotum, sperm, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, buldourthral glands.
Hormone of the male is testosterone
The female produces one mature follicle (egg) each month. It makes it way to uterus.
Ovarian cycle when not pregnant is due to hormonal control of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. After ovulation LF from the anterior pituitary converts the follicle into the corpus luteum.
The corpus leteum secretes progesterone and some estrogen, both of which regulate the uterine cycle
Ovulation usually occurs on day 14 of 28 day cycle
Only when fertilization takes place does the egg implant to the endometrium.
Birth control methods include condoms, pills and diaphragm.
To help with infertility you can use artificial insemination, vitro fertilization, gamete intrafallopian transger, or intracytoplasmic sperm injections.
STDs are caused by viruses, Bacteria, Protists, fungi and animals.
AIDS is caused by HIV, there are also others like genital herpes, genital warts, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia and hepatitis
Chapter 17
17.1 Fertilization
17.2 Pre-Embryonic and Embryonic Development
17.3 Fetal Development
17.4 Pregnancy and Birth
17.5 Development after birth
Fertilization takes place when the sperm's nucleus enters the egg and fuses with the eggs nucleus
Extraembryonic membranes function in the internal development.
At the end of the embryonic perios, the organs are established
The venous duct joins the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava
During the third and fourth months the skeleton is becoming ossified. At this time the sex is also able to be determined.
During the pregnancy the mother gains weight in the uterus and there are complaints like constipation and heartburn
During stage 1 of birth is cervix dilates, the second stage is when the child is born and the third is when the after birth is expelled
After birth development continues with infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.
Aging leads to the deterioration of organs systems but can be reduced by good eating habits.
Chapter 22
22.1 Origin of Life
22.2 Biological Evolution
22.3 Classification of Humans
22.4 Evolution of Hominids
22.5 Evolution of Humans
Using an outside source of energy and organic molecules were produced by reactions between early earth's atmospheric gases
The RNS first hypothesis was needed for the first cells.
Amino acids join to form polypeptides when exposed to dry heat is the protein first hypothesis
The protocell eventually became a true cell once it had genes of DNA and could reproduce.
Descent form a common ancestor explains the unity of living things.
Fossil evidence supports evolution
The classification of humans can be used to trace their ancestry, we are primates, and share the same ancestor with African apes.
Certain features like the flat face can classify a hominids
Ardipithecines were likely hominids.
Australoethecines would walk erect but had a small brain.
There are two hypotheses of human evolution which are the multiregional continuity suggests that modern humans evolved separately in Europe, Africa and Asia. The second is out of Africa saying that homo sapiens evolved in Africa then migrated to Europe and Asia
Fossils are classified as HOMO with regard to the brain size.
Habilis made and used tools. Erectus was the first to have a brain size of more then 1000 cm. Erectus migrated from Africa into Europe and Asia and also used fire and may have been big game hunters.
Chapter 23
23.1 The Nature of Ecosystems
23.2 Energy Flow
23.3 Global Biogeochemical Cycles
Ecology is usually the study of the interactions of organisms with each other and their environment.
Terrestrial ecosystems are forests, grasslands, and deserts.
Aquatic ecosystems are either salt or fresh water.
Autotrophs produce organic nutrients for themselves and others from inorganic nutrients and an outside energy source.
Ecosystem are characterized by energy flow and chemical cycling.
A food web is a diagram showing how various organisms are connect by eating relationships.
Detrital food webs begin with detritus food for decomposters and for detritivores.
Members of detrital food webs can be eaten by above ground carnivores.
A trophic level is all the organisms that feel at a particular link in a food chain.
The water cycle involves the freshwater that evaporates from the ocean.
The Carbon cycle is organic matter, limestone and the ocean. The exchange pool is the atmosphere
The Nitrogen Cycle is where nitrogen gas much be converted to a form usable by plants.
The Phosphorus Cycle involves ocean sediments becoming available though geological upheaval which exposes sedimentary rocks to weathering.
Chapter 24
24.1 Human population growth
24.2 Human use of resources and pollution
24.3 Biodiversity
24.4 Working toward a sustainable society
Biotic potential is normally held in check by environmental resistance.
MDCs are approaching a stable population size
LDCs populations will continue to increase in size.
The five resources that are maximally used by humans are land, water, food, energy and minerals. These are also resources that will eventually run out... there is only so much to use.
Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth. 5 major causes of biodiversity loss are habitat loss, introduction of alien species, pollution, overexploitation of plant and animals, and disease.
Biodiversity contributes to waste disposal, freshwater, prevention of soil erosion, functions of biogeochemical cycles, climate regulations, and ecotourism.
Monday, April 14, 2008
Movable Limb
This is the movable limb, I chose a leg.
It is very very simple and made from homemade play dough, thick string and cardboard.
As for the out lay of the leg itself, I did each thing separate, is the bones + muscles and tendons. This movable limb project was quite difficult for me to get from my ideas to the final product, more so over the previous project like this in Unit 1. I have a really strong interest in the skeleton, but it seems I was just trying to over complicate the project and when I made it very simple it seemed inadequate.
The next picture is the diagram of the various neurons and showing the axon, Node of Ranvier and Myelin Sheath.
The final photo has a comparison Diagram because unfortunately my photo shop wouldn't load for that final photo. It is a show of the muscle fibers.
I learned from this much more about the different types of neurons and about the structures of the muscles and bone throughout the body. Although I don't necessarily don't feel that more is better in something like this, I feel that I learned a lot from the entire unit.
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